What is it about the metabolic syndrome that predisposes individuals to an increased risk of cardiovascular events? Which is the more important factor in the elevated cardiovascular risk of pre-diabetics; high circulating glucose levels or insulin resistance? How is this elevated risk linked to the inflammatory process?

In this presentation, Dr Steven Haffner discusses the results and implications of the San Antonio Heart Studies (SASH-1 & SASH-2), the Nurses Health Study, the Women’s Health Initiative, the STENO-2 trial, and the Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) and, in so doing, is able to dissect out the risk of cardiovascular events in different patient subgroups and discuss the relative contribution to this risk of both diabetes and the various components of the metabolic syndrome. The evidence for an increased cardiovascular risk among pre-diabetics, in particular, is reviewed. The differences among the varying conceptions of the metabolic syndrome are discussed, as well as how the evolving conception of the underlying cause of the metabolic syndrome has lead to a broadening of therapeutic options in modulating the cardiovascular risk of these individuals.

In addition, Dr. Haffner addresses the apparent discrepancies in some of the recent cardiovascular risk data from around the world and advocates for a multi-pronged approach to cardiovascular risk reduction for individuals with the metabolic syndrome.


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After viewing this presentation, participants will be able to discuss:
- The difference between the NCEP and WHO definitions of the metabolic syndrome
- The relative contribution of the different components of the metabolic syndrome to the cardiovascular risk
- The risk associated with the pre-diabetic state
- The impact of the metabolic syndrome on the risk of diabetics and non-diabetics
- The impact of the metabolic syndrome on the risk of women as compared to men

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